The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the annexin family of calcium-dependent phospholipid binding proteins some of which have been implicated in membrane-related events along exocytotic and endocytotic pathways. Annexin 5 is a phospholipase A2 and protein kinase C inhibitory protein with calcium channel activity and a potential role in cellular signal transduction, inflammation, growth and differentiation. Annexin 5 has also been described as placental anticoagulant protein I, vascul

Ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis mediates selective destruction of various cell cycle regulators, transcription factors and tumor suppressors. In eukaryotic cells, selective breakdown of cellular proteins is ensured by their ubiquitination and subsequent degradation by the 26S proteasome. At specific stages of development, embryo- and tissue-specific components of the 26S proteasome form, facilitating proteolysis. 20S Proteasome ?, also designated macropain subunit C2 or PROS-30, is a prosom

Furin is a calcium-dependent serine endoprotease that belongs to the subtilisin-like proprotein convertase family. The members of this family process latent precursor proteins into their biologically active products. Furin cleaves at paired basic amino acid processing sites within proparathyroid hormone, transforming growth factor β 1 precursor, proalbumin, pro-β-secretase, membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase, β subunit of pro-nerve growth factor and von Willebrand factor. Furin can di

This gene encodes an RGD-containing protein that binds to type I, II and IV collagens. The RGD motif is found in many extracellular matrix proteins modulating cell adhesion and serves as a ligand recognition sequence for several integrins. This protein plays a role in cell-collagen interactions and may be involved in endochondrial bone formation in cartilage. The protein is induced by transforming growth factor-beta and acts to inhibit cell adhesion. Mutations in this gene are associated wi

Bim, Bcl-2 interacting mediator of cell death, is a pro-apoptotic protein belonging to the Bcl2 family of proteins containing a Bcl2 homology domain 3 (BH3). It is proapoptotic and exerts its effects by interacting with prosurvival members of the Bcl2 family like Bcl2, BclxL and Bclw. Bim is sequestered in an inactive conformation through binding to the microtubule-associated dynein motor complex. Certain apoptotic stimuli release Bim from microtubules, allowing inhibitory binding to anti-apo

This gene encodes a nuclear protein involved in homologous recombination, telomere length maintenance, and DNA double-strand break repair. By itself, the protein has 3' to 5' exonuclease activity and endonuclease activity. The protein forms a complex with the RAD50 homolog; this complex is required for nonhomologous joining of DNA ends and possesses increased single-stranded DNA endonuclease and 3' to 5' exonuclease activities. In conjunction with a DNA ligase, this protein promotes the