This gene is part of the family of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors. Members of this family activate Rho proteins by catalyzing the exchange of GDP for GTP. The protein encoded by this gene interacts with RhoA within the cell nucleus and may play a role in repairing DNA damage after ionizing radiation. Pseudogenes of this gene are located on the long arms of chromosomes 1, 7 and 18. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants that encode different protein isoforms.

Histones play a critical role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression, and developmental events. Histone acetylation/deacetylation alters chromosome structure and affects transcription factor access to DNA. The protein encoded by this gene has sequence homology to members of the histone deacetylase family. This gene is orthologous to mouse HDAC7 gene whose protein promotes repression mediated via the transcriptional corepressor SMRT. Alternatively spliced transcript variants enc

KLF10 is a transcription factor that plays a role in the regulation of cell growth. It binds to the consensus sequence 5'-GGTGTG-3'. KLF10 plays a role in the response to TGFbeta (through the TGFbeta/Smad signalling pathway) and estrogen. In both cases, KLF10 induces or repressed gene transcription to enhance the TGFbeta/Smad signalling pathway, as well as other pathways, to regulate cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. KLF10 has been shown to have a role in skeletal disease (

The NFKB complex consists of NFKB1 or NFKB2 bound to REL, RELA, or RELB. The NFKB complex is inhibited by I kappa B proteins (NFKBIA, or NFKBIB), which inactivate NF kappa B by trapping it in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylation of serine residues on the I kappa B proteins by kinases (IKBKA, or IKBKB,) marks them for destruction via the ubiquitination pathway, thereby allowing activation of the NF kappa B complex.

The MAGE 1 gene is a member of the melanoma antigen encoding gene family. These genes encode for HLA-restricted tumor associated rejection antigens recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Some of these target antigens may be potentially useful for cancer specific immunotherapy. The expression of MAGE genes has been reported not only in melanoma but also in various other malignant tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma and germ cell tumors.

Myoglobin is a small heme containing protein responsible for the oxygen deposition in muscle tissues. Only one form of myoglobin is expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscles. Myoglobin is known as a marker of myocardial damage and it has been used for more than three decades. Nowadays it still is very commonly used in clinical practice as an early marker of AMI. It appears in patient's blood 1 to 3 hours after onset of the symptoms, reaching peak level within 8 to 12 hours. Myoglobin is not