Osteoprotegerin (OPG, or osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor) is a secretory glycoprotein belonging to TNF receptor superfamily. Acts as decoy receptor for RANKL and thereby neutralizes its function in osteoclastogenesis. Inhibits the activation of osteoclasts and promotes osteoclast apoptosis. Bone homeostasis seems to depend on the local RANKL/OPG ratio. May also play a role in preventing arterial calcification. May act as decoy receptor for TRAIL and protect against apoptosis. TRAIL bind

PHD3 (Egl nine homolog 3; Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase 3; HIF-prolyl hydroxylase 3; HIF-PH3; HPH-1; Egln3; Prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein 3;)Catalyzes the post-translational formation of 4-hydroxyproline in hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) alpha proteins. Hydroxylates HIF-1 alpha at 'Pro-564', and HIF-2 alpha. Functions as a cellular oxygen sensor and, under normoxic conditions, targets HIF through the hydroxylation for proteasomal degradation via the von Hippel-Li

This gene encodes a pentaspan transmembrane glycoprotein. The protein localizes to membrane protrusions and is often expressed on adult stem cells, where it is thought to function in maintaining stem cell properties by suppressing differentiation. Mutations in this gene have been shown to result in retinitis pigmentosa and Stargardt disease. Expression of this gene is also associated with several types of cancer. This gene is expressed from at least five alternative promoters that are express

Breast cancer metastasis-suppressor 1 (BRMS1) is 246 amino acid protein that acts as a mediator of metastasis suppression in several types of cancer including ovarian, lung, bladder, and murine mammary. BRMS1 mRNA is expressed in various tissues, including ovary, prostate, testis, and colon, but the protein is primarily detected in term placenta. BRMS1 suppresses metastasis without inhibiting tumorigenicity by modifying several metastasis-associated phenotypes. BRMS1 may participate in transc

Modulation of the chromatin structure plays an important role in the regulation of transcription in eukaryotes. The nucleosome, made up of four core histone proteins (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4), is the primary building block of chromatin. The N-terminal tail of core histones undergoes different posttranslational modifications including acetylation, phosphorylation and methylation. These modifications occur in response to cell signal stimuli and have a direct effect on gene expression. In most spec

The oligodendrocyte lineage-specific basic helix-loop-helix (OLIG) family of transcription factors include OLIG1-OLIG3, which differ in tissue expression. OLIG1 and OLIG2 are specifically expressed in nervous tissue as gene regulators of oligodendrogenesis. OLIG2 is more widely expressed in embryonic brain than OLIG1, while OLIG3 is primarily expressed in non-neural tissues. OLIG1 and OLIG2 interact with the Nkx-2.2 homeodomain protein, which is responsible for directing ventral neuronal patt